The Temple of Vespasian and Titus (Forum Romanum Souvenir)
Architectural souvenir sculpture, desk weight • Anonymous, likely an Italian foundry specializing in souvenirs (e.g., Hopfgarten or Sommer workshops)
Style & Movement
Neoclassical / Academic Revivalist
Medium & Technique
Cast bronze (or patinated spelter) on a Giallo Antico marble base
Creation Period
Late 19th Century to Early 20th Century (Grand Tour era)
Dimensions & Format
Approximately 15-20 cm in height; vertical/portrait orientation
Subject Description
A miniature representation of the three remaining Corinthian columns from the Temple of Vespasian and Titus in the Roman Forum. It includes the entablature fragment with its characteristic frieze of bucrania and sacrificial instruments.
Condition & Value Assessment
Condition Assessment
Fair to Good. Shows significant dust accumulation, surface oxidation, and wear to the marble base.
Estimated Market Value
$150 - $350 USD
Auction Estimate
$100 - $250 USD
Provenance History
Likely acquired as a 'Grand Tour' memento in Rome by a traveler; passed through private hands subsequently.
Art Historical Significance
A classic example of the 19th-century taste for 'Ruomania' and the Grand Tour tradition, reflecting the European obsession with classical antiquity as a symbol of education and status.
Notable Features
The use of Giallo Antico marble for the base is period-appropriate, as this stone was frequently recycled from ancient Roman ruins for high-quality souvenirs.
Condition Issues
Heavy dust and grime in the crevices of the capitals; some verdigris/corrosion on the bronze; minor chipping and staining on the yellow marble base; slightly loosened mounting.
Conservation Recommendations
Professional dry cleaning with a soft brush; conservation-grade microcrystalline wax (Renaissance Wax) to protect the metal; avoid harsh chemicals on the marble.