The Three Graces (Le Tre Grazie)
Painting on panel • Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino)
Style & Movement
High Renaissance
Medium & Technique
Oil on wood panel using sfumato and glazing techniques
Creation Period
Circa 1504-1505
Dimensions & Format
17.1 cm x 17.1 cm; Small-scale square format
Subject Description
A representation of the Three Graces from Greek mythology, often identified as Aglaea, Euphrosyne, and Thalia. They are depicted nude against a landscape, holding golden apples (Hesperides), symbolizing charm, grace, and beauty. The composition is likely inspired by a Roman marble group Raphael saw in Siena.
Condition & Value Assessment
Condition Assessment
Good (considering age); the original is well-preserved within the Musée Condé
Estimated Market Value
Priceless; estimated in excess of $150-200 million if it were ever to reach the open market
Auction Estimate
$100 million - $200 million (hypothetical)
Provenance History
Formerly in the Borghese collection; eventually acquired by Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale, for the Musée Condé, Chantilly.
Art Historical Significance
One of Raphael's earliest masterpieces, showcasing his early mastery of classical motifs and the transition from the style of Perugino to his mature High Renaissance aesthetic. It is often paired with 'The Vision of a Knight'.
Notable Features
The circular configuration of the figures creates a rhythmic flow; the Hesperidean apples and jewelry (unusual for the Graces) are distinctive features of this specific version.
Condition Issues
Stable craquelure consistent with age, some minor paint losses and historic restorations near the edges of the panel.
Conservation Recommendations
Keep in a climate-controlled environment with consistent humidity (approx 50%) and low UV light exposure. Minimal invasive cleaning if varnish yellows.