Untitled (Stack)
Sculpture, Wall-mounted installation • Donald Judd
Style & Movement
Minimalism / Specific Objects
Medium & Technique
Galvanized iron and amber transparent Plexiglas, manufactured using industrial processes
Creation Period
Circa 1968-1990 (Specific iterations were produced throughout this period)
Dimensions & Format
Approximately 10 units of 9 x 40 x 31 inches each, installed with 9-inch intervals; Vertical portrait format
Subject Description
A vertical series of identical rectangular units (boxes) spaced evenly on a wall. The composition explores the mathematical precision of space, the interaction between solid form and void, and the transparency of the Plexiglas vs. the opacity of the metal.
Condition & Value Assessment
Condition Assessment
Excellent (based on visual institutional standard)
Estimated Market Value
$5,000,000 - $15,000,000 USD (Depending on size and materials)
Auction Estimate
$6,000,000 - $10,000,000 USD
Provenance History
Typically sourced from major galleries like Paula Cooper or Leo Castelli, often found in museum collections; stamped with Judd Foundation or fabricator marks (e.g., Bernstein Bros.)
Art Historical Significance
Defining work of the Minimalist movement; rejects traditional European composition (hierarchy) in favor of 'one thing after another' seriality. It represents Judd's concept of 'Specific Objects'.
Notable Features
The play of light through the amber Plexiglas onto the wall behind creates a 'glow' effect that transforms the architectural space into part of the artwork.
Condition Issues
Potential for scratches on Plexiglas, oxidation or fingerprinting on galvanized iron, and adhesive failure at joints over long periods.
Conservation Recommendations
Maintain in high-filtration climate-controlled environments; handle only with lint-free gloves to prevent metal corrosion; avoid direct UV light to prevent Plexiglas yellowing.