Ruby the Elephant Lithograph (Third in a Series)
Limited edition lithographic print on paper • Ruby (1973–1998), an Asian elephant at the Phoenix Zoo
Style & Movement
Art Brut / Animal Art / Abstract Expressionism (Gestural)
Medium & Technique
Lithography based on an original acrylic painting. The technique replicates the gestural, broad strokes created by the elephant using a brush held in its trunk.
Creation Period
Late 20th century (circa 1980s-1990s)
Dimensions & Format
Approximately 20 x 16 inches; vertical portrait format within a printed black border
Subject Description
A non-objective abstract composition featuring sweeping gestural marks in primary and secondary colors (blue, yellow, red, green). The work represents the creative output of a non-human animal, exploring spontaneous form and color choices.
Condition & Value Assessment
Condition Assessment
Very Good; the paper appears bright with minor handling wear and a small visible spot/smudge on the left margin within the image area.
Estimated Market Value
$100 - $300 USD
Auction Estimate
$75 - $250 USD
Provenance History
Originally sold or gifted by The Phoenix Zoo as part of a fundraising effort; includes a limited edition numbering (181/500) and descriptive text at the bottom.
Art Historical Significance
Ruby was one of the most famous painting elephants in the world. Her work sparked significant debate regarding animal cognition and the nature of art, helping to fund the Phoenix Zoo's conservation efforts and influencing the 'elephant art' movement globally.
Notable Features
Features an edition number (181/500) in the lower right and a printed caption identifying the artist and the Phoenix Zoo at the bottom edge.
Condition Issues
Minor surface soiling on the left side of the image; slight paper curling consistent with being stored in a tube or unmounted.
Conservation Recommendations
Mount using acid-free, archival materials and frame under UV-protective glass to prevent fading of the colored inks. Maintain in a stable environment away from direct sunlight.