The Jugglers (also known as Circus Figures)
Drawing on paper • Alexander Calder (American, 1898-1976)
Style & Movement
Modernism / Early Kinetic Art Context
Medium & Technique
Pen and black ink on paper. Executed with a continuous, fluid line technique characteristic of the artist's early work.
Creation Period
1931
Dimensions & Format
Approximately 19 x 25 inches; Landscape format.
Subject Description
The drawing depicts two circus performers (jugglers or acrobats) in a ring. It utilizes a minimalist, wire-like line quality that mirrors Calder's contemporary wire sculptures. The composition is playful and focuses on balance and movement, themes central to Calder's career.
Condition & Value Assessment
Condition Assessment
Fair to Good. Visible darkening (toning) at the edges suggest previous contact with acidic mounting materials.
Estimated Market Value
$40,000 - $70,000 USD
Auction Estimate
$30,000 - $50,000 USD
Provenance History
Signed and dated 'Calder 1931' in the lower right. Likely acquired through a gallery specializing in modern masters or via private collection history linked to the artist's Parisian period.
Art Historical Significance
Highly significant as a 2D manifestation of Calder's 'Cirque Calder' period. These drawings served as the conceptual bridge between his traditional painting background and his invention of the mobile and wire sculpture.
Notable Features
Features the artist's signature and date ('31) in lower right corner. The overlapping 'see-through' anatomy of the figure on the left is a hallmark of Calder’s fascination with spatial transparency.
Condition Issues
Notable perimeter mat burn and yellowing/acidification of the paper. Minor surface undulation and potential light fading of the ink.
Conservation Recommendations
Professional deacidification and cleaning by a paper conservator. Re-framing with museum-grade UV-protective glass and acid-free archival mounting is essential to halt further degradation.