Midnight
Print, offset lithographic reproduction on paper • Ruby the Elephant (an Asian elephant at the Phoenix Zoo)
Style & Movement
Abstract Expressionism / Animal Art (Biological Art)
Medium & Technique
Lithography based on an original acrylic or tempera painting; features broad, gestural strokes and layering
Creation Period
Late 1980s to 1990s (The artist, Ruby, was active during this period)
Dimensions & Format
Approximately 20 x 24 inches (framed); landscape format
Subject Description
Non-representational abstract composition featuring energetic sweeps of pink, blue, yellow, and red against a dark black-purple background. The work utilizes the elephant's trunk movements to create dynamic, fluid lines.
Condition & Value Assessment
Condition Assessment
Good to Very Good; visible rippling of the paper and minor reflections on the glazing indicate standard aging
Estimated Market Value
$50 - $150 USD
Auction Estimate
$40 - $100 USD
Provenance History
Likely acquired through the Phoenix Zoo's gift shop or a fundraising event; original production facilitated by the zoo and Ruby's keepers
Art Historical Significance
Significant as a primary example of animal-created art that gained international fame in the late 20th century, challenging traditional notions of creativity and intentionality in art.
Notable Features
Includes a descriptive inscription at the bottom: "Midnight," the fifth in a series of lithographs based on original paintings by Ruby, an Asian elephant at The Phoenix Zoo.
Condition Issues
Slight buckling/cockling of the paper within the frame; potential for minor acidity in the matting if not archival; slight fading from UV exposure is possible.
Conservation Recommendations
Ensure use of acid-free matting and UV-protective glass; maintain a stable environment with 50% humidity to prevent further paper rippling.